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Victoria Nadalin1,*, Nancy Kreiger1,2, Marie-Elise Parent3, Alan Salmoni4, Andrea Sass-Kortsak5, Jack Siemiatycki6, Margaret Sloan1 and James Purdham51Research, Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2L7 2Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3M7 3Institut Armand Frappier, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite de Quebec, 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, Canada H7V 1B7 4School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9 5Occupational and Environmental Health, Gage Occupational & Environmental Health Unit, 223 College St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 1R4 6Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7 ?* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: (416)-971-9800 ext. 3251; fax: (416)-971-7554; e-mail: Victoria.nadalin{at}cancercare.on.ca Received July 6, 2011. Accepted February 3, 2012. Prostate cancer is common and its etiology largely unknown; therefore, it is important to explore all potential risk factors that are biologically plausible. Recent literature suggests a relationship between whole-body vibration (WBV) and prostate cancer risk. The aim of this study was to determine whether occupational WBV was a risk factor for prostate cancer. Existing data, collected on 447 incident cases and 532 population controls (or their proxies), in Montreal, Canada, were used to evaluate this question. Personal interviews collected detailed job descriptions for every job held, the tasks involved, and type of equipment used. For each job, experts assessed the intensity and daily duration of WBV exposure. Inter-rater agreement for WBV ratings was examined using the kappa statistic, with values that ranged from 0.83 to 0.94. Logistic regression models explored the relationship between WBV exposure and prostate cancer, using various combinations of intensity, daily duration, and years of exposure. Potential confounders were also examined. Occupations with WBV exposure demonstrated an increased statistically non-significant risk [odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99–2.09]. The risk for transport equipment operation, a job with WBV exposure, was significantly elevated (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.07–3.39). These results, together with those of an earlier study, suggest that workers in heavy equipment and transport equipment operation may have increased risk of prostate cancer. Further investigation is warranted. © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Occupational Hygiene Society [2012]This ArticleAnn Occup Hyg (2012) 56 (8): 968-974. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/mes010 First published online: April 26, 2012 Current Issue
Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.
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D. Wayne Berman1,* and Bruce W. Case21 Aeolus, Inc., Albany, CA 94706, USA; 2 Departments of Pathology, Epidemiology and Occupational Health, and School of Environment McGill University Montreal, QC H3A 1A4, Canada ? *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +510-524-7855; +510-524-7854 e-mail: bermanw{at}comcast.net Received August 29, 2011. Revision received January 28, 2012. Accepted March 3, 2012. A critical need exists for reliable risk management policies and practices that can effectively mitigate asbestos-related health threats, and such policies and practices need to be based on sound science that adequately distinguishes hazardous situations from those that are not. Toward that end, the disparate means by which study quality has been addressed in recent meta-analyses used to establish potency factors (K L and K M values) for asbestos cancer risks were compared by conducting additional sensitivity analyses. Results suggest that, other than placing undue emphasis on the influence of the K L and K M values reported from a single study, there appears to be little to no evidence of a systematic effect of study quality on K L or K M values; none of the findings warrant excluding studies from current or future meta-analyses. Thus, we argue that it is better to include as much of the available data as possible in these analyses while formally addressing uncertainty as part of the analysis itself, rather than sequentially excluding studies based on one type of limitation or another. Throwing out data without clearly proving some type of bias is never a good idea because it will limit both the power to test various hypotheses and the confidence that can be placed in any findings that are derived from the resulting, truncated data set. We also believe that it is better to identify the factors that contribute to variation between studies included in a meta-analysis and, by adjusting for such factors as part of a model, showing that the disparate values from individual studies can be reconciled. If such factors are biologically reasonable (based on other evidence) and, if such a model can be shown to fit the data from all studies in the meta-analysis, the model is likely to be predictive of the parameters being evaluated and can then be applied to new (unstudied) environments. Keywords: © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Occupational Hygiene Society [2012]This ArticleAnn Occup Hyg (2012) 56 (8): 869-878. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/mes027 First published online: July 23, 2012 Current Issue Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.
